A number of people may require setting up whether they have PPI: you may have been sold it without realizing. When attached to a credit card you should be able to see any payments taken for PPI in your statements, but if you have a personal loan it might not be so obvious. It is best to contact your lender to find out if you have it.
The clearest cases of mis-selling are those where customers were sold the insurance when they had no chance of claiming on it.
If you don’t have a job at the time you took the insurance – whether you were jobless, irregular or retired – it will be impossible for you to make a valid insurance claim.
If, when you took the insurance, you had a health problem that could have kept you from working; you should have been warned that the insurance was not likely to be suitable for you. If it wasn't explained, you can claim.
If you were sold a 'single premium' policy – where the whole cost of the loan is paid for up front with cash that is also borrowed at the same interest rate as the loan – you should at least be able to get a refund by canceling the PPI. If you cancelled or repaid the loan early, but were powerless to cancel the PPI, then you can declare for a refund.
If the reimbursement you were offered was only a fraction of the cost you paid, you can claim to get a fair refund. If you were able to cancel the insurance, but the loan was redrawn at a smaller amount of favorable rates, you can also claim money back.
If the full cost of the PPI was not explained to you, or if the company only quoted the cost of the loan with the PPI included, then you can claim.
If you were told the insurance was compulsory it is likely you can claim. Lenders can insist that a borrower has mis sold PPI, but any company that signs up to the banking code must not insist you take out the insurance with them. It is far cheaper to buy it separately from an independent provider: try This is Money's independent comparison tool.
If other vital features of the loan were not explained – for example, the terms for canceling the cover or significant exclusions such as stress and back problems – then you can claim.
Most policies have an upper age limit – usually 65 or 70. If you were older than the age limit for your policy when you took the insurance, you can claim.

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